Solana

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Architecture overview

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Transaction model

• Encoding: Borsh/Bincode serialization
• Instruction-based: Multiple instructions per transaction
• Account Model: Accounts owned by programs
• Fee Model: Fixed base fee with optional priority fees

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Key components

• System program transfers
• SPL Token operations
• Associated Token Account (ATA) creation
• Multiple instructions per transaction
• Program invocations

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Transaction structure

1. Signatures: One or more transaction signatures
2. Message: Contains the actual transaction data
   • Account keys (all accounts involved)
   • Instructions (operations to execute)
   • Recent blockhash (for replay protection)

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Instruction types

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System program

• SOL transfers between accounts
• Account creation and initialization
• Space allocation for data storage

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SPL token program

• Token transfers
• Token approvals
• Mint and burn operations

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Associated token account

• Automatic creation of token accounts
• Deterministic addressing for user tokens

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Visualization strategy

• Primary Information - Display the most significant instruction as the title, with supporting instructions shown as steps
• Multiple Instructions - Group related instructions together, showing them as a sequence of operations
• Account Context - Show account ownership and program associations when relevant

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Implementation details

• Solana Parser

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Supported programs

• System Program
• SPL Token Program
• SPL Associated Token Account Program
• Custom programs via IDL (Interface Definition Language)

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Example transaction types

• SOL Transfer - Simple transfer of native SOL between accounts
• SPL Token Transfer - Transfer of SPL tokens, often including ATA creation if needed
• Complex DeFi Transaction - Multiple instructions working together (e.g., create account, transfer tokens, interact with DEX)

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Resources

• Solana Documentation
• SPL Token Program
• Anchor Framework